Archaeological Museum in Syracuse


Archaeological Museum in Syracuse

Herbert Frank - CC2.0

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 Viale Teocrito, 66 - Siracusa (SR)
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The Paolo Orsi Regional Archaeological Museum of Syracuse is among the most important and prestigious archaeological museums in Europe for the quality and quantity of the finds it contains.
Il museum is named after the great archaeologist Paolo Orsi, who was its director for over thirty years and to whom very important discoveries and findings are due.
The building is surrounded by a green park of archaeological and historical interest due to the presence, for example, of the tomb of the German poet Augusto von Platen. The structure, in the shape of a daisy, is made up of three sectors arranged around a central body and spread over three floors: the basement for the Auditorium, and the two upper floors for the exhibition spaces.
The museum exhibition is divided into different sectors.
In sector A, rocks, faunas and fossils from the Quaternary era are exhibited. Of particular interest are the casts of two dwarf elephants and the rich series of artifacts ranging from the Paleolithic and Neolithic to the Historical age.
Sector B is dedicated to the Greek colonies of Sicily. The exhibition houses vases, bas-reliefs, architectural elements of terracotta and stone, and statues that were part of the temples. Of particular interest is the statue of Lentini's Kouros dating back to the 5th century BC.
Sector C is dedicated to the sub-colonies of Syracuse, such as Eloro, Akrai, Casmene and Camarina, and to the excavations performed in the territories of Gela and Agrigento. The series of grave goods, ex-votos and the unmistakable Attic pottery with black and red figures are of considerable interest.
Sector D was contains all the materials ranging from the Hellenistic age to that Roman. Inside the exhibition there are statues, architectural pieces, ceramic forms, products of Syracusan craftsmanship, coming from the town and the necropolis, which document the various aspects of life and society of a great Hellenistic city in the Mediterranean. Particolare interesse rivestono: la Venere Anadiomene e la Venere Landolina; la serie di ritratti di età romana; l’esposizione delle urne cinerarie delle necropoli urbane di III-II sec. a.C. ; il sarcofago di Adelphia; e una ricca collezione di antiche monete del gabinetto numismatico.
Il settore F, noto come la sala della Rotonda di Adelfia, è interamente dedicato sarcofago di Adelfia e e ai ritrovamenti del catacombe di San Giovanni. All'interno dello spazio museale, con l’obiettivo di contestualizzare il più possibile il sarcofago nel luogo della sua scoperta, è stata realizzata una sala che intenzionalmente ricorda la forma subcircolare della Rotonda in cui fu rinvenuto e le suggestive atmosfere dell’antico cimitero sotterraneo. Fanno da corona all’esposizione una serie di testimonianze provenienti dallo stesso complesso catacombale di San Giovanni tra cui l’iscrizione di Euskia, scoperta da Orsi nel 1894, poco lontano dalla rotonda del sarcofago, il primo documento ad attestare, gia` agli inizi del V secolo d.C., l’esistenza di un culto a Lucia, protettrice di Siracusa.
Il sarcofago di Adelfia è un manufatto di estrema importanza in lastre di marmo bianco scolpite con scene del Vecchio e del Nuovo Testamento, ritrovato il 12 giugno 1872 da Francesco Saverio Cavallari, risalente probabilmente al IV secolo dopo Cristo. Un 'iscrizione sul coperchio indica il nome della nobile Adelfia e del marito Valerio, che, rimasto vedovo, volle una sepoltura degna per accogliere le spoglie della moglie.

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